|
Corn smut is a plant disease caused by the pathogenic fungus ''Ustilago maydis'' that causes smut on maize and teosinte. The fungus forms galls on all above-ground parts of corn species, and is known in Mexico as the delicacy ''huitlacoche'';〔(Vegetables, Revised: The Most Authoritative Guide to Buying, Preparing, and Cooking, with More than 300 Recipes (Google eBook) ) Page 184, by James Peterson, Random House LLC, Mar 27, 2012 Accessed October 24, 2013 via Google Books〕 it is eaten, usually as a filling, in quesadillas and other tortilla-based foods, and soups. == Etymology == In Mexico, corn smut is known as ''huitlacoche'' ((:witɬaˈkot͡ʃe), sometimes spelled ''cuitlacoche''). This word entered Spanish in Mexico from classical Nahuatl, though the Nahuatl words from which huitlacoche is derived is debated. In modern Nahuatl, the word for ''huitlacoche'' is ''cuitlacochin'' (), and some sources deem ''cuitlacochi'' to be the classical form.〔Guido Gómez de Silva, "Diccionario breve de mexicanismos", Fondo de Cultura Económica, Mexico 2001. Entries for "huitlacoche" and "cuicacoche o cuiltacoche".〕 Some sources wrongly give the etymology as coming from the Nahuatl words ''cuitlatl'' ("excrement" or "rear-end", actually meaning "excrescence") and ''cochi'' (''cochi''="to sleep"), thus giving a combined mismeaning of "sleeping/hibernating excrement".,〔〔(Producción de caviar azteca en invernadero ), ''Teorema Ambiental'', published August 2006. Retrieved April 2010 (Spanish)〕 but actually meaning "sleeping excrescence", referring to the fact that the fungus grows in between the corns and impedes them from developing, thus they remain "sleeping". A second group of sources deem the word to mean "raven's excrement".〔(The Guardian ) City Guide. November 8, 2008.〕〔Wolff, Barbara. (Professor introduces unusual edible fungus to Madison ), ''University of Wisconsin - Madison News'', September 19, 2006.〕 These sources appear to be combining the word ''cuitlacoche'' for "thrasher"〔Raúl Marcó del Pont, (Guía de aves canoras y de ornato ), Conabio-ine-semarnap, Instituto Nacional de Ecología, Mexico 1997. p. 66-70.〕 with ''cuitla'', meaning "excrement", actually meaning "excrescence". However, the avian meaning of ''cuitlacoche'' derives from the Nahuatl word "song" ''cuīcatl'' , itself from the verb "to sing" ''cuīca'' .〔 This root then clashes with this reconstruction's second claim that the segment ''cuitla-'' comes from ''cuitla'' ("excrement"). One source derives the meaning as "corn excrescence", using ''cuītla'' again and "maize" ''tlaōlli'' .〔Irene Vasconcelos Dueñas, (Los hongos medicinales en México ), Mexico, August 2007. (retrieved April 2010) (Spanish)〕 This requires the linguistically unlikely evolution of ''tlaole'' "maize" into ''tlacoche''. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「corn smut」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|